
Kefalonia
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About Kefalonia
The Island is named after Celphalus, but some think its name means 'an island with a head', because 'Cephalus' comes from the Greek word for 'head'.
The capital of the Cephallonia prefecture is Argostoli and the population of the island has reached nearly 45,000. It used to be the fastest-growing part of Greece, with a growth rate of 35% to 40% in 10 years and reaching 30,000 in the 1990’s. The size of the island is around 800 km², and the present population density is 55 people per km². Argostoli is home to one-third of the island's habitants. Lixouri is the second major city. The two cities account for almost two-thirds of the prefecture's population.
In ancient times, before it was named Cephallonia, only around 100 to 300 people lived there. When Cephallonia was founded in ancient times, the population had trebled to around 500–1,000 people. The population steadily grew until the population reached 10,000 in the mid-20th century. The number topped 20,000 in the 1970’s.

The island is covered by dense vegetation and includes plenty of natural beauty including beaches, many of them inaccessible from land, and spectacular caves. Mirtos, the most famous of these beaches, is a major tourist attraction, and has ranked fifth worldwide for its scenic view.
Its tallest mountain is Mount Ainos with an elevation of 1628m. North west is the Paliki mountains where Lixouri is located.

There are five harbours and ports in the prefecture, four main harbours on the island, Sami or Same, and a major port with links to Patras and Ithaca. Poros, in the south, has ferry routes to Kyllini. Argostoli, in the west, is the largest port, carrying local boats around, and ferries to Zante and occasionally to Lixouri. Vasiliki, in the north, has links to Lefkas and Ithaka. There is room for around 100 small boats in Argostoli, with the port stretching 1 kilometre around the estuary. Lixouri is situated 4km across the bay from Argostoli, on the Lixori peninsular. There is a road connection to the rest of the island; however, driving from Lixouri to Argostoli involves a 30 km detour.
The island has one airport, Argostoli Airport, with a runway of around 1 km. The airport is about 10 km south of Argostoli. Almost every scheduled flight is an Olymic plane. The planes mainly fly to Athens; however, there is an Ionian Island Hopper service 3 times a week calling at Kefallinia, Zante and Lefkas. In summer the airport handles a lot of charter flights from all over Europe.
Kefallonia is located in the heart of an earthquake zone. Dozens of Minor tremors occur each year. In 1953, a massive earthquake almost destroyed the island, with only Vasiliki in the north left untouched.

In summer many tourists visit Kefalonia, however as one of the largest islands in Greece, it is well equipped to handle them. Most tourists stay in or around Lassi, a serene resort a few kilometres from Argostoli.
Almost every community in Kephallonia has an ending with -ata like Lourdata, Favata, Delaportata, etc. Argostoli, Lixouri, and non-ata ending names are an exception.